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Animal models of multiple sclerosis: Focus on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Author(s) -
Bjelobaba Ivana,
BegovicKupresanin Vesna,
Pekovic Sanja,
Lavrnja Irena
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of neuroscience research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.72
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1097-4547
pISSN - 0360-4012
DOI - 10.1002/jnr.24224
Subject(s) - multiple sclerosis , experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis , neuroscience , pathological , encephalomyelitis , central nervous system , medicine , immune system , animal model , inflammation , immunology , biology , pathology , endocrinology
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects more than two million people worldwide. Several animal models resemble MS pathology; the most employed are experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and toxin‐ and/or virus‐induced demyelination. In this review we will summarize our knowledge on the utility of different animal models in MS research. Although animal models cannot replicate the complexity and heterogeneity of the MS pathology, they have proved to be useful for the development of several drugs approved for treatment of MS patients. This review focuses on EAE because it represents both clinical and pathological features of MS. During the past decades, EAE has been effective in illuminating various pathological processes that occur during MS, including inflammation, CNS penetration, demyelination, axonopathy, and neuron loss mediated by immune cells.