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Increased ceruloplasmin expression caused by infiltrated leukocytes, activated microglia, and astrocytes in injured female rat spinal cords
Author(s) -
Wu Yan,
Shen Lin,
Wang Rui,
Tang Jie,
Ding ShuQin,
Wang SaiNan,
Guo XueYan,
Hu JianGuo,
Lü HeZuo
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of neuroscience research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.72
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1097-4547
pISSN - 0360-4012
DOI - 10.1002/jnr.24221
Subject(s) - microglia , western blot , astrocyte , integrin alpha m , neuroglia , infiltration (hvac) , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , ceruloplasmin , neun , cd68 , immunology , central nervous system , immunohistochemistry , neuroscience , inflammation , endocrinology , biochemistry , immune system , gene , physics , thermodynamics
Ceruloplasmin (Cp), an enzyme containing six copper atoms, has important roles in iron homeostasis and antioxidant defense. After spinal cord injury (SCI), the cellular components in the local microenvironment are very complex and include functional changes of resident cells and the infiltration of leukocytes. It has been confirmed that Cp is elevated primarily in astrocytes and to a lesser extent in macrophages following SCI in mice. However, its expression in other cell types is still not very clear. In this manuscript, we provide a sensible extension of these findings by examining this system within a female Sprague–Dawley rat model and expanding the scope of inquiry to include additional cell types. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis revealed that the Cp mRNA and protein in SCI tissue homogenates were quite consistent with prior publications. However, we observed that Cp was expressed not only in GFAP + astrocytes (consistent with prior reports) but also in CD11b + microglia, CNPase + oligodendrocytes, NeuN + neurons, CD45 + leukocytes, and CD68 + activated microglia/macrophages. Quantitative analysis proved that infiltrated leukocytes, activated microglia/macrophages, and astrocytes should be the major sources of increased Cp.