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Sulfatides in extracellular vesicles isolated from plasma of multiple sclerosis patients
Author(s) -
Moyano Ana Lis,
Li Guannan,
Boullerne Anne I.,
Feinstein Douglas L.,
Hartman Elizabeth,
Skias Demetrios,
Balavanov Roumen,
Breemen Richard B.,
Bongarzone Ernesto R.,
Månsson JanEric,
Givogri Maria I.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of neuroscience research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.72
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1097-4547
pISSN - 0360-4012
DOI - 10.1002/jnr.23899
Subject(s) - microvesicles , multiple sclerosis , nanoparticle tracking analysis , microbiology and biotechnology , glycolipid , extracellular , chemistry , mhc class i , biomarker , extracellular vesicle , exosome , biology , major histocompatibility complex , biochemistry , immunology , gene , microrna
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane nanovesicles of diverse sizes secreted by different cell types and are involved in intercellular communication. EVs shuttle proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids that reflect their cellular origin and could mediate their biological function in recipient cells. EVs circulate in biological fluids and are considered as potential biomarkers that could be used to analyze and characterize disease development, course and response to treatment. EVs exhibit specific distribution of glycolipids and membrane organization, but little is known about the biological significance of this distribution or how it could contribute to pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS). We provide the first description of sulfatide composition in plasma‐derived EVs by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. We found that EVs of different sizes showed C16:0 sulfatide but no detectable levels of C18:0, C24:0, or C24:1 sulfatide species. Small EVs isolated at 100,000 × g —enriched in exosomes—from plasma of patients with MS showed a significant increase of C16:0 sulfatide compared with healthy controls. Nanoparticle tracking analysis showed that the particle size distribution in MS plasma was significantly different compared with healthy controls. Characterization of small EVs isolated from MS plasma showed similar protein content and similar levels of exosomal markers (Alix, Rab‐5B) and vesicular marker MHC class I (major histocompatibility complex class I) compared with healthy controls. Our findings indicate that C16:0 sulfatide associated with small EVs is a candidate biomarker for MS that could potentially reflect pathological changes associated with this disease and/or the effects of its treatment. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.