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Physiologically normal 5% O 2 supports neuronal differentiation and resistance to inflammatory injury in neural stem cell cultures
Author(s) -
Sun Xiaoyun,
Voloboueva Ludmila A.,
Stary Creed M.,
Giffard Rona G.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of neuroscience research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.72
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1097-4547
pISSN - 0360-4012
DOI - 10.1002/jnr.23675
Subject(s) - neural stem cell , glycolysis , mitochondrion , stem cell , cellular differentiation , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , oxidative phosphorylation , programmed cell death , metabolism , cell , in vitro , anaerobic glycolysis , cell culture , cell growth , inflammation , reactive oxygen species , oxidative stress , apoptosis , biochemistry , immunology , gene , genetics
Recent studies have demonstrated that neural stem cell (NSC) culture at physiologically normoxic conditions (2–5% O 2 ) is advantageous in terms of neuronal differentiation and survival. Neuronal differentiation is accompanied by a remarkable shift to mitochondrial oxidative metabolism compared with preferentially glycolytic metabolism of proliferating cells. However, metabolic changes induced by growth in a normoxic (5%) O 2 culture environment in NSCs have been minimally explored. This study demonstrates that culturing under 5% O 2 conditions results in higher levels of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, decreased glycolysis, and reduced levels of reactive oxygen species in NSC cultures. Inflammation is one of the major environmental factors limiting postinjury NSC neuronal differentiation and survival. Our results show that NSCs differentiated under 5% O 2 conditions possess better resistance to in vitro inflammatory injury compared with those exposed to 20% O 2 . The present work demonstrates that lower, more physiologically normal O 2 levels support metabolic changes induced during NSC neuronal differentiation and provide increased resistance to inflammatory injury, thus highlighting O 2 tension as an important determinant of cell fate and survival in various stem cell therapies. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.