Premium
The spleen contributes to stroke‐induced neurodegeneration
Author(s) -
Ajmo Craig T.,
Ver Dionne O. L.,
Collier Lisa,
Hall Aaron A.,
GarbuzovaDavis Svitlana,
Willing Alison,
Pennypacker Keith R.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of neuroscience research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.72
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1097-4547
pISSN - 0360-4012
DOI - 10.1002/jnr.21661
Subject(s) - neurodegeneration , stroke (engine) , medicine , microglia , spleen , immune system , inflammation , infarction , immunology , myocardial infarction , disease , mechanical engineering , engineering
Stroke, a cerebrovascular injury, is the leading cause of disability and third leading cause of death in the world. Recent reports indicate that inhibiting the inflammatory response to stroke enhances neurosurvival and limits expansion of the infarction. The immune response that is initiated in the spleen has been linked to the systemic inflammatory response to stroke, contributing to neurodegeneration. Here we show that removal of the spleen significantly reduces neurodegeneration after ischemic insult. Rats splenectomized 2 weeks before permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion had a >80% decrease in infarction volume in the brain compared with those rats that were subjected to the stroke surgery alone. Splenectomy also resulted in decreased numbers of activated microglia, macrophages, and neutrophils present in the brain tissue. Our results demonstrate that the peripheral immune response as mediated by the spleen is a major contributor to the inflammation that enhances neurodegeneration after stroke. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.