Premium
Transsynaptic modulation of the synaptic vesicle cycle by cell‐adhesion molecules
Author(s) -
Gottmann Kurt
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of neuroscience research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.72
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1097-4547
pISSN - 0360-4012
DOI - 10.1002/jnr.21484
Subject(s) - synaptic vesicle , neuroligin , cell adhesion molecule , neurotransmission , microbiology and biotechnology , postsynaptic potential , long term potentiation , endocytosis , kiss and run fusion , vesicle , synaptic vesicle recycling , neurexin , active zone , neuroscience , vesicle fusion , biology , chemistry , excitatory postsynaptic potential , cell , inhibitory postsynaptic potential , biochemistry , receptor , membrane
Delicate control of the synaptic vesicle cycle is required to meet the demands imposed on synaptic transmission by the brain's complex information processing. In addition to intensively analyzed intrinsic regulation, extrinsic modulation of the vesicle cycle by the postsynaptic target neuron has become evident. Recent studies have demonstrated that several families of synaptic cell‐adhesion molecules play a significant role in transsynaptic retrograde signaling. Different adhesion systems appear to specifically target distinct steps of the synaptic vesicle cycle. Signaling via classical cadherins regulates the recruitment of synaptic vesicles to the active zone. The neurexin/neuroligin system has been shown to modulate presynaptic release probability. In addition, reverse signaling via the EphB/ephrinB system plays an important role in the activity‐dependent induction of long‐term potentiation of presynaptic transmitter release. Moreover, the first hints of involvement of cell‐adhesion molecules in vesicle endocytosis have been published. A general hypothesis is that specific adhesion systems might use different but parallel transsynaptic signaling pathways able to selectively modulate each step of the synaptic vesicle cycle in a tightly coordinated manner. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.