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Secretory products of central nervous system glial cells induce Schwann cell proliferation and protect from cytokine‐mediated death
Author(s) -
Lisak Robert P.,
Bealmear Beverly,
Nedelkoska Liljana,
Benjamins Joyce A.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of neuroscience research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.72
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1097-4547
pISSN - 0360-4012
DOI - 10.1002/jnr.20851
Subject(s) - biology , programmed cell death , remyelination , microbiology and biotechnology , neuroglia , transplantation , glial fibrillary acidic protein , central nervous system , cytokine , immunology , astrogliosis , astrocyte , apoptosis , medicine , endocrinology , biochemistry , myelin , immunohistochemistry
There continues to be interest in Schwann cells (SC) as a possible source of myelinating cells for transplantation into the central nervous system (CNS) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injury. It has been suggested that CNS glial cells interfere with SC migration, survival, maturation, and clinically significant remyelination in the CNS. To investigate the effects of CNS glial cells on SC, we examined the effects of serum‐free supernatants obtained from rat mixed CNS glial cultures on rat neonatal SC cultures. Supernatants from 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐day CNS glial cultures induced proliferation of SC assayed at 5 days in vitro but did not induce SC differentiation as measured by induction of surface expression of galactolipids (GalL). High concentrations of cAMP simulate many of the effects of axolemma on SC; CNS glial cell supernatants did not inhibit cAMP induction of SC differentiation. CNS glial cell supernatants had no apparent effect on SC viability at 48 hr as measured by trypan blue exclusion. We have previously demonstrated that incubation of SC with transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) + tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) induces SC death via apoptosis. We now show that CNS glial supernatants inhibits TGF‐β1/TNF‐α‐induced SC death. Our data show that soluble products of CNS glial cells do not induce or inhibit SC differentiation or increase cell death but have the potential to increase proliferation of SC and their resistance to cytokine‐mediated death, and thus may affect the outcome of SC transplantation into the CNS. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.