Premium
Toll‐like receptors in central nervous system glial inflammation and homeostasis
Author(s) -
Kielian Tammy
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of neuroscience research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.72
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1097-4547
pISSN - 0360-4012
DOI - 10.1002/jnr.20767
Subject(s) - innate immune system , neuroscience , biology , neurodegeneration , receptor , pattern recognition receptor , inflammation , central nervous system , immunology , context (archaeology) , immune system , microglia , medicine , disease , pathology , paleontology , biochemistry
Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pattern‐recognition receptors expressed on cells of the innate immune system that allow for the recognition of conserved structural motifs on a wide array of pathogens, referred to as pathogen‐associated molecular patterns , as well as some endogenous molecules. The recent emergence of studies examining TLRs in the central nervous system (CNS) indicates that these receptors not only play a role in innate immunity in response to infectious diseases but may also participate in CNS autoimmunity, neurodegeneration, and tissue injury. This review summarizes the experimental evidence demonstrating a role for TLRs in the context of CNS inflammation in both infectious and noninfectious conditions. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.