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A 5‐year molecular epidemiology survey of human enterovirus 71 before vaccine application in Yunnan Province, China
Author(s) -
Liu HongBo,
Yu Liang,
Zhang Jie,
Huang XiaoQin,
Yang ZhaoQing,
Liao GuoYang,
Sun Hao,
Ma ShaoHui
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of medical virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 121
eISSN - 1096-9071
pISSN - 0146-6615
DOI - 10.1002/jmv.25657
Subject(s) - virology , biology , immunogenicity , nonsynonymous substitution , vaccination , virus , molecular epidemiology , genetic diversity , phylogenetic tree , genome , genetics , gene , antibody , medicine , genotype , population , environmental health
Enterovirus A71 (EV‐A71) infection is known to cause hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Last year, an inactivated EV‐A71 whole virus vaccine was used to prevent this disease in Yunnan, China. To obtain a viral genetic background for evaluating vaccine protection and monitor the adaptive evolution of the virus after the vaccination, a 5‐year molecular epidemiology survey was performed before the vaccination. Twenty‐six EV‐A71 strains were separated from 561 stool specimens of patients with serious HFMD. The whole‐genomic sequences of these strains were sequenced. Phylogenetic trees were constructed, and the mutation spectra were analyzed based on these viral sequences. There was no obvious mutation for the circular EV‐A71 strains of the same year. Pathogenic EV‐A71 strains may arise from a “subgroup” randomly each year. Whole‐genomic analyses showed that a hotspot nonsynonymous substitution potentially affecting the immunogenicity of vaccines was found in the 2A gene, but not in genes of the viral capsid proteins, and the genetic diversity of whole viral genomes associated with the incidence of HFMD. Therefore, it will be valuable to monitor the genome‐wide changes of EV‐A71 to detect the adaptive mutations affecting immunogenicity or perform investigations using genetic diversity as a parameter.