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Mumps outbreak investigation in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, India, June‐September 2016
Author(s) -
Moghe Chandrakant S,
Goel Pramod,
Singh Jalam,
Nayak Naina Ram,
Dhuria Meera,
Jain Ruchi,
Yadav Rajesh,
Saroha Ekta,
Sodha Samir V,
Aggarwal C S,
Venkatesh Srinivas
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of medical virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 121
eISSN - 1096-9071
pISSN - 0146-6615
DOI - 10.1002/jmv.25324
Subject(s) - medicine , outbreak , attack rate , parotitis , pediatrics , orchitis , epidemiology , mumps vaccine , vaccination , demography , virology , measles , surgery , rubella , sociology
Mumps, a vaccine‐preventable disease, cause inflammation of salivary glands and may cause severe complications, such as encephalitis, meningitis, deafness, and orchitis/oophoritis. In India, mumps vaccine is not included in the universal immunization program and during 2009 to 2014, 72 outbreaks with greater than 1500 cases were reported. In August 2016, a suspected mumps outbreak was reported in Jaisalmer block, Rajasthan. We investigated to confirm the etiology, describe the epidemiology, and recommend prevention and control measures. We defined a case as swelling in the parotid region in a Jaisalmer block resident between 23 June 2016 and 10 September 2016. We searched for cases in health facilities and house‐to‐house in affected villages and hamlets. We tested blood samples of cases for mumps immunoglobulin M (IgM) enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found 162 cases (60% males) with a median age of 9.4 years (range: 7 month‐38 years) and 65 (40%) were females. Symptoms included fever (70%) and bilateral swelling in neck (65%). None of them were vaccinated against mumps. Most (84%) cases were school‐going children (3‐16 years old). The overall attack rate was 2%. Village A, with two hamlets, had the highest attack rate (hamlet 1 = 13% and hamlet 2 = 12%). School A of village A, hamlet 1, which accommodated 200 children in two classrooms, had an attack rate of 55%. Of 18 blood samples from cases, 11 tested positive for mumps IgM ELISA. This was a confirmed mumps outbreak in Jaisalmer block that disproportionately affected school‐going children. We recommended continued surveillance, 5‐day absence from school, and vaccination.