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Experimental miniature piglet model for the infection of human norovirus GII
Author(s) -
Seo Dong Joo,
Jung Day,
Jung Soontag,
Ha SeungKwon,
Ha SangDo,
Choi InSoo,
Myoung Jinjong,
Choi Changsun
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of medical virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 121
eISSN - 1096-9071
pISSN - 0146-6615
DOI - 10.1002/jmv.24991
Subject(s) - viremia , norovirus , biology , virology , spleen , immune system , in situ hybridization , caliciviridae , interferon , gastrointestinal tract , lymph , antigen , virus , feces , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , messenger rna , pathology , medicine , gene , biochemistry
Ten Yucatan miniature piglets were challenged with the human norovirus (NoV) GII.12/GII.3 CAU140599 strain and five piglets were used as negative controls. Stool, serum, and organs were collected and processed from two NoV‐infected piglets and one negative piglet at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 days post‐inoculation (dpi). NoV was detected in stool and serum samples by real‐time RT‐PCR. Mild diarrhea was observed at 1‐3 dpi. Fecal shedding and viremia were detected intermittently at 1, 3, and 7 dpi. While interferon‐α was significantly elevated at 2‐3 dpi, interferon‐γ was not changed. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the NoV capsid antigen was present in macrophages, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells of the stomach, intestines, lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils. Intestinal epithelium did not exhibit a positive signal for NoV. In addition, negative‐sense viral RNA was confirmed in immune cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Therefore, NoV might be associated with macrophages and lymphocytes in gastrointestinal tract and immune organs of experimentally infected miniature piglets.