Premium
Molecular epidemiology of enterovirus and parechovirus infections according to patient age over a 4‐year period in Spain
Author(s) -
Cabrerizo María,
DíazCerio María,
MuñozAlmagro Carmen,
Rabella Núria,
Tarragó David,
Romero María Pilar,
Pena María José,
Calvo Cristina,
ReyCao Sonia,
MorenoDocón Antonio,
MartínezRienda Inés,
Otero Almudena,
Trallero Gloria
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of medical virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 121
eISSN - 1096-9071
pISSN - 0146-6615
DOI - 10.1002/jmv.24658
Subject(s) - enterovirus , echovirus , epidemiology , medicine , pediatrics , coxsackievirus , meningitis , virology , gastroenterology , virus
The epidemiology and clinical association of enterovirus (EV) and parechovirus (HPeV) infections, as well as the type‐distribution‐according‐to‐age, were determined during a 4‐year study period in Spain. During 2010–2013, a total of 21,832 clinical samples were screened for EV and the detection frequency was 6.5% (1,430). Of the total EV‐negative samples, only 1,873 samples from 2011 to 2013 were available for HPeV testing. HPeV was detected in 42 (2%) of them. Positive samples were genotyped using PCR and sequencing. EV infections occurred in all age groups of patients: neonates (17%), children 28 days to 2 years (29%), children 2–14 years (40%), and adults (14%). Thirty‐four different EV types were identified. HPeV infections were detected exclusively in infants <8 m (70% neonates, P < 0.05). All but one HPeV were HPeV‐3. Differences in type frequency detection were found according to age and clinical manifestation. Coxsackievirus (CV)‐B4 (61%), CV‐B5 (83%), and HPeV‐3 (64%) were more frequent in neonates than in older patients ( P < 0.05). Echovirus (E)‐3 (60%), E‐18 (47%), E‐25 (62%), CV‐A6 (61%), CV‐A16 (72%), and EV‐71 (75%) were mainly detected in children 28 days to 2 years ( P < 0.05), whereas, E‐6 (79%), E‐20 (88%), and E‐30 (85%) were predominant in children >2 years and adults ( P < 0.05). Clinically, meningitis was associated with EV ( P < 0.01) whereas, encephalitis was more frequent in HPeV‐infected patients. CV‐B types were associated with myocarditis (90%; P < 0.05) and EV species A with hand–foot–mouth‐disease/atypical exanthema (88%; P < 0.05). J. Med. Virol. 89:435–442, 2017 . © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.