Premium
Detection of oncogenic genital human papillomavirus (HPV) among HPV negative older and younger women after 7 years of follow‐up
Author(s) -
Brogaard Kim Agerholm,
Munk Christian,
Iftner Thomas,
Frederiksen Kirsten,
Kjaer Susanne K.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of medical virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 121
eISSN - 1096-9071
pISSN - 0146-6615
DOI - 10.1002/jmv.23914
Subject(s) - medicine , human papillomavirus , sex organ , cohort , logistic regression , demography , hpv infection , cohort study , gynecology , prospective cohort study , risk factor , obstetrics , cervical cancer , cancer , biology , genetics , sociology
The knowledge on risk factors of being human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive among older women is sparse. The aim was to determine the frequency of oncogenic HPV appearance after 7 years among initially HPV‐negative women and to examine potential risk factors that influence the occurrence of HPV in older women using multiple logistic regression. For comparison, a younger cohort of women examined under identical study settings was included. This prospective cohort study comprised 1,577 older women (age 40–50 at enrolment) and 2,920 women aged 22–32. Participants were interviewed and underwent a gynecological examination at two time points (7 years apart). Cervical samples were tested for HPV using Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) and only women who tested HC2‐negative at baseline were included. The HPV prevalence among older and younger women was 6.4% and 10.7%, respectively, and there was no “second peak” observed among older women. Recent sexual partners were a strong determinant of HPV appearance irrespective of age. Lifetime number of sexual partners was a significant risk factor for HPV appearance among older women, even after adjustment for recent sexual behavior. In addition, menopause was associated with a non‐significantly increased risk of HPV appearance at follow‐up. In conclusion, appearance of HPV in previously HPV‐negative older women may be due to both recent sexual behavior and previous exposure that is, reactivation of a latent HPV infection. J. Med. Virol. 86:975–982, 2014 . © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.