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Characterization of HIV‐1 subtypes and drug resistance mutations among individuals infected with HIV in Georgia
Author(s) -
Dvali Natia,
Parker Monica M.,
Chkhartishvili Nikoloz,
Sharvadze Lali,
Gochitashvili Nino,
Abutidze Akaki,
Karchava Marine,
DeHovitz Jack A.,
Tsertsvadze Tengiz
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of medical virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 121
eISSN - 1096-9071
pISSN - 0146-6615
DOI - 10.1002/jmv.23269
Subject(s) - resistance mutation , virology , reverse transcriptase , mutation , drug resistance , biology , virus , genotype , reverse transcriptase inhibitor , nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor , lentivirus , polymerase chain reaction , viral disease , sida , viral load , genetics , gene , antiretroviral therapy
In order to describe HIV‐1 subtypes and drug resistance mutations in Georgia, blood samples from 153 patients infected with HIV‐1 collected from 2006 to 2008 were genotyped. Of these, 126 samples were from newly diagnosed, antiretroviral (ARV)‐naïve patients and 27 from ARV‐treated patients. Partial pol region sequences were used to identify drug resistance mutations and to conduct phylogenetic analysis for subtype determination. The results indicated that 138 (90.2%) patients harbored subtype A viruses, 11 (7.2%) carried subtype B virus, two subtype G (1.3%), one (0.6%) subtype F and one (0.6%) 03_AB recombinant. All subtype A strains clustered with the Former Soviet Union A (A FSU) subtype. Among patients with no prior exposure to ARVs, mutations associated with resistance were detected in five patients: three (2.4%) patients had reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor mutations and two other patients had the protease (PI) inhibitor associated mutation M46I. PI mutation V77I was found in 42 of subtype A isolates. Of 27 ARV‐treated patients, 22 (81.5%) harbored at least one nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), a non‐NRTI (NNRTI) and/or a PI mutation. The most common NRTI resistance mutation was M184V/I (74.1%). Frequency of thymidine analog mutations was relatively low (25.9%). With regard to NNRTI mutations, G190S/A was the most frequent mutation, which might be a preferred mutations for subtype A. Georgia's HIV epidemic continues to be dominated by Subtype A FSU. The prevalence of transmitted drug resistance is low, but has the potential to increase with increasing use of ARVs. J. Med. Virol. 84: 1002–1008, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.