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Systematic screening of BK virus by real‐time PCR prevents BK virus associated nephropathy in renal transplant recipients
Author(s) -
Hammarin AnnaLena,
Öqvist Björn,
Wahlgren John,
Falk Kerstin I.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of medical virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 121
eISSN - 1096-9071
pISSN - 0146-6615
DOI - 10.1002/jmv.22196
Subject(s) - bk virus , nephropathy , viremia , real time polymerase chain reaction , virology , viral load , medicine , polyomavirus infections , virus , transplantation , polymerase chain reaction , urology , kidney transplantation , biology , gene , biochemistry , diabetes mellitus , endocrinology
BK virus associated nephropathy occurs in approximately 5% of renal transplant recipients. Quantitation of BKV DNA in serum/plasma early in the course of disease has been suggested to be an important diagnostic tool for polymavirus‐associated nephropathy (PVAN). The aim of this study was to develop a BKV real‐time PCR (qPCR), which could be included in a diagnostic qPCR platform. Additionally, the significance of the assay as a surrogate marker for PVAN was investigated. Quantitation of BKV DNA by qPCR was carried out on 234 serum samples from a retrospective study including 31 renal transplant recipients monitored for at least 6 months post‐transplantation. BKV viremia was detected in 9 out of 31 patients. Four patients had a viral load of >10,000 copies/ml at least on one occasion. In two of these patients, PVAN was diagnosed clinically during the study period. In retrospect, these patients were shown to be BKV positive before the clinical diagnosis of PVAN was made. Another two patients had a permanent graft dysfunction, but were never clinically diagnosed with PVAN. None of the remaining five patients with BKV DNA (<10,000 copies/ml) had renal impairment. Based on these results, an algorithm was introduced at the study center in 2006 and to date, August 2011, no cases of PVAN with loss of graft have been observed. The concept of including different PCR protocols in a common qPCR platform allows laboratories with small sample numbers to perform regularly a variety of assays at a reasonable cost. J. Med. Virol. 83:1959–1965, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.