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HTLV‐1 infection in blood donors from the Western Brazilian Amazon region: Seroprevalence and molecular study of viral isolates
Author(s) -
MotaMiranda Aline Cristina,
Araújo Sérgio Pereira,
Dias Juarez Pereira,
Colin Denise Duizit,
Kashima Simone,
Covas Dimas Tadeu,
TavaresNeto José,
GalvãoCastro Bernardo,
Alcantara Luiz Carlos Junior
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of medical virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 121
eISSN - 1096-9071
pISSN - 0146-6615
DOI - 10.1002/jmv.21300
Subject(s) - virology , phylogenetic tree , seroprevalence , biology , population , glycoprotein , molecular epidemiology , virus , genetics , genotype , antibody , serology , gene , medicine , environmental health
To determine the seroprevalence of HTLV‐1 in Brazil, and to review the virus molecular epidemiology in this Amazon population (Rio Branco‐Acre), 219 blood donors were screened for HTLV‐1. Only one case of infection (0.46% seroprevalence) was detected during July 2004 screening at the Acre Hospital Foundation (FUNDACRE). Neighbor‐joining and Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analyses of two (n = 2) complete LTR region sequences were performed with the PAUP* software. Since the HTLV‐1 envelope surface (gp46) and transmembrane (gp21) glycoproteins are important for virus fitness, three envelope glycoproteins sequences (n = 3) were analyzed using the Prosite tool to determinate potential protein sites. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the new isolate described in this study, and the unpublished LTR strain described in a previous report belong to the Transcontinental subgroup of the Cosmopolitan subtype, inside the Latin American cluster. A similar result was obtained when submitting, to the Automated Genotyping System, three LTR partial sequences from a previous study of the seroprevalence of HTLV‐1 in the same Amazon population. In all analyzed env sequences, the potential protein site was found: two PKC phosphorylation sites at amino acid (aa) positions 310–312 and 342–344, one CK2 phosphorylation site at 194–197aa, three N ‐glycosylation sites at 222–225aa, 244–247aa and 272–275aa, and a single N ‐myristylation site at 327–338aa. In conclusion, potential protein sites described in HTLV‐1 gp46 and gp21 confirm the presence of conserved sites in the HTLV‐1 envelope proteins, likewise phylogenetic analysis suggests a possible recent introduction of the virus into North Brazil. J. Med. Virol. 80:1966–1971, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.