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Oral mucosal reactivation rates of herpesviruses among HIV‐1 seropositive persons
Author(s) -
Griffin Elizabeth,
Krantz Elizabeth,
Selke Stacy,
Huang MeeiLi,
Wald Anna
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of medical virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 121
eISSN - 1096-9071
pISSN - 0146-6615
DOI - 10.1002/jmv.21214
Subject(s) - viral shedding , virology , saliva , cytomegalovirus , herpes simplex virus , virus , herpesviridae , immunology , viral load , biology , betaherpesvirinae , viral disease , medicine
Herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus and Epstein‐Barr virus infections are prevalent among HIV‐1 infected persons. The relationships between salivary shedding of these herpesviruses have not been characterized. Salivary samples were collected on a median of 61 consecutive days from 41 HIV‐1 seropositive persons and tested for HSV‐1, HSV‐2, CMV and EBV. HSV was detected on 5%, CMV on 19% and EBV on 71% of the days of sampling. HSV shedding was not related to CMV or EBV shedding rates. Persons with EBV shedding rates >40% had CMV DNA detected in their saliva significantly more often than those with EBV shedding rates ≤40% ( P = 0.008). The odds of detecting CMV were greater on days with HSV (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4, 4.4) or EBV (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.9, 7.9) shedding. No significant associations between HSV shedding rates and CD4 count, plasma HIV‐1 RNA or HAART were observed. Increasing plasma HIV‐1 RNA was associated with greater frequency ( P = 0.01) and quantity ( P < 0.001) of EBV shedding. Among persons not receiving HAART, CD4 counts >200 cells/mm 3 were associated with lower frequency ( P = 0.02) and quantity ( P = 0.03) of CMV compared with CD4 counts ≤200 cells/mm 3 . These data suggest that separate factors influence mucosal shedding of each of the three classes of herpesviruses but that virological interactions between the pathogens also exist. J. Med. Virol. 80: 1153–1159, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.