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Chandipura virus: A major cause of acute encephalitis in children in North Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, India
Author(s) -
Tandale Babasaheb V.,
Tikute Sanjaykumar S.,
Arankalle Vidya A.,
Sathe Padmakar S.,
Joshi Manohar V.,
Ranadive Satish N.,
Kanojia Phoolchand C.,
Eshwarachary D.,
Kumarswamy M.,
Mishra Akhilesh C.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of medical virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 121
eISSN - 1096-9071
pISSN - 0146-6615
DOI - 10.1002/jmv.21041
Subject(s) - medicine , seroconversion , etiology , seroprevalence , virology , encephalitis , pediatrics , case fatality rate , japanese encephalitis , serology , antibody , virus , viral encephalitis , immunoglobulin m , immunology , epidemiology , immunoglobulin g
A hospital‐based surveillance was undertaken between May 2005 and April 2006 to elucidate the contribution of Chandipura virus (CHPV) to acute viral encephalitis cases in children, seroconversion in recovered cases and to compare the seroprevalences of anti‐CHPV IgM and N antibodies in areas reporting cases with those without any case of acute viral encephalitis. During this period, 90 cases of acute encephalitis were hospitalized in the pediatric wards of Mahatma Gandhi Memorial (MGM) Hospital, Warangal. There were 49 deaths (Case Fatality Rate, i.e., CFR of 54.4%). Clinical samples and records were obtained from 52 suspected cases. The cases were below 15 years, majority in 0–4 years (35/52, 67.3%). Computerized tomography (CT) scans and cerebro‐spinal fluid (CSF) picture favored viral etiology. No neurological sequelae were observed. CHPV etiology was detected in 25 cases (48.1%, n = 52; RNA in 20, IgM in 3 and N antibody seroconversion in 2). JEV etiology was detected in 5 cases (IgM in 4 cases and seroconversion in 1 case). Anti‐CHPV IgM seroprevalence in contacts (26/167, 15.6%) was significantly higher ( P < 0.05) than in non‐contacts (11/430, 2.6%); which was also observed in children <15 years (19/90, 21.1% vs. 3/109, 2.7%). Anti‐CHPV N antibody seroprevalence in <15 years contacts (66/90, 73.3%) and non‐contacts (77/109, 70.6%) was significantly lower ( P < 0.05) than in contacts (75/77, 97.4%) and non‐contacts (302/321, 94.1%) more than 15 years respectively. CHPV appears to be the major cause of acute viral encephalitis in children in endemic areas during early monsoon months. J. Med. Virol. 80:118–124, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.