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LC‐DAD/ESI‐MS/MS study of phenolic compounds in ash ( Fraxinus excelsior L. and F. americana L.) heartwood. Effect of toasting intensity at cooperage
Author(s) -
Sanz Miriam,
Simón Brígida Fernández,
Cadahía Estrella,
Esteruelas Enrique,
Muñoz Angel M.,
Hernández Teresa,
Estrella Isabel,
Pinto Ernani
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of mass spectrometry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.475
H-Index - 121
eISSN - 1096-9888
pISSN - 1076-5174
DOI - 10.1002/jms.3040
Subject(s) - chemistry , tyrosol , verbascoside , fraxinus , oleuropein , syringic acid , ellagic acid , hydroxytyrosol , vanillin , softwood , gallic acid , lignin , food science , hydrolyzable tannin , phenols , polyphenol , organic chemistry , glycoside , botany , antioxidant , biology
The phenolic composition of heartwood extracts from Fraxinus excelsior L. and F. americana L., both before and after toasting in cooperage, was studied using LC‐DAD/ESI‐MS/MS. Low‐molecular weight (LMW) phenolic compounds, secoiridoids, phenylethanoid glycosides, dilignols and oligolignols compounds were detected, and 48 were identified, or tentatively characterized, on the basis of their retention time, UV/Vis and MS spectra, and MS fragmentation patterns. Some LMW phenolic compounds like protocatechuic acid and aldehyde, hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, were unlike to those for oak wood, while ellagic and gallic acid were not found. The toasting of wood resulted in a progressive increase in lignin degradation products with regard to toasting intensity. The levels of some of these compounds in medium‐toasted ash woods were much higher than those normally detected in toasted oak, highlighting vanillin levels, thus a more pronounced vanilla character can be expected when using toasted ash wood in the aging wines. Moreover, in seasoned wood, we found a great variety of phenolic compounds which had not been found in oak wood, especially oleuropein, ligstroside and olivil, along with verbascoside and isoverbascoside in F. excelsior , and oleoside in F. americana . Toasting mainly provoked their degradation, thus in medium‐toasted wood, only four of them were detected. This resulted in a minor differentiation between toasted ash and oak woods. The absence of tannins in ash wood, which are very important in oak wood, is another peculiar characteristic that should be taken into account when considering its use in cooperage. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.