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Preliminary Assessment of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion‐Weighted MRI ( IVIM‐DWI ) Metrics in Alzheimer's Disease
Author(s) -
Bergamino Maurizio,
Nespodzany Ashley,
Baxter Leslie C.,
Burke Anna,
Caselli Richard J.,
Sabbagh Marwan N.,
Walsh Ryan R.,
Stokes Ashley M.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.27272
Subject(s) - intravoxel incoherent motion , diffusion mri , medicine , magnetic resonance imaging , effective diffusion coefficient , population , bonferroni correction , voxel , nuclear medicine , cognitive decline , dementia , pathology , radiology , disease , mathematics , statistics , environmental health
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects aging populations. Current MRI techniques are often limited in their sensitivity to underlying neuropathological changes. Purpose To characterize differences in voxel‐based morphometry (VBM), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion‐weighted imaging (IVIM‐DWI) metrics in aging populations. Additionally, to investigate the connection between cognitive assessments and neuroimaging metrics. Study Type Prospective/cross‐sectional. Population In all, 49 subjects, including 13 with AD dementia, 12 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 24 healthy controls (HC). Field Strength/Sequence 3T/magnetization‐prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo ( MP‐RAGE ) and IVIM‐DWIAssessment All participants completed a cognitive screening battery prior to MRI. IVIM‐DWI maps (pure diffusion coefficient [D], pseudodiffusion coefficient [D*], and perfusion fraction [f]) were generated from a biexponential fit of diffusion MRI data. VBM was performed on the standard T 1 ‐weighted MP‐RAGE structural images. Group‐wise templates were used to compare across groups. Statistical Tests Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with gender and age as covariates (familywise error [FWE] corrected, post‐hoc comparisons using Bonferroni correction) for group comparisons. Partial‐η 2 and Hedges' g were used for effect‐size analysis. Spearman's correlations (false discovery rate [FDR]‐corrected) for the relationship between cognitive scores and imaging. Results Clusters of significant group‐wise differences were found mainly in the temporal lobe, hippocampus, and amygdala using all VBM and IVIM methods ( P < 0.05 FWE). While VBM showed significant changes between MCI and AD groups and between HC and AD groups, no significant clusters were observed between HC and MCI using VBM. ADC and IVIM‐D demonstrated significant changes, at P < 0.05 FWE, between HC and MCI, notably in the amygdala and hippocampus. Several voxel‐based correlations were observed between neuroimaging metrics and cognitive tests within the cognitively impaired groups ( P < 0.05 FDR). Data Conclusion These findings suggest that IVIM‐DWI metrics may be earlier biomarkers for AD‐related changes than VBM. The use of these techniques may provide novel insight into subvoxel neurodegenerative processes. Level of Evidence 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2020;52:1811–1826.