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Quantification of biventricular strain and assessment of ventriculo–ventricular interaction in pulmonary arterial hypertension using exercise cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and myocardial feature tracking
Author(s) -
Lin Aaron C.W.,
Seale Helen,
HamiltonCraig Christian,
Morris Norman R.,
Strugnell Wendy
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.26517
Subject(s) - cardiology , medicine , ejection fraction , heart failure , ventricle , reproducibility , subclinical infection , magnetic resonance imaging , cardiac magnetic resonance imaging , pulmonary hypertension , population , feature tracking , strain (injury) , radiology , statistics , physics , mathematics , environmental health , quantum mechanics , harp
Background Right ventricular (RV) failure is the main cause of mortality in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Exercise testing helps identify early RV maladaptation and systolic dysfunction and facilitates therapy. Myocardial strain has been shown to be more sensitive than ejection fraction (EF) in detecting subclinical ventricular contractile dysfunction. Chronic pressure overload in PAH had been associated with changes in left ventricular (LV) filling. Purpose To compare biventricular strains and ventriculo–ventricular interaction in PAH and controls using cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking (cMRI‐FT) and to determine the reproducibility of strain analysis. Study Type Prospective. Population Nine PAH and nine control subjects. Field Strength/Sequence 1.5T MRI balanced steady state free precession. Assessment RV and LV longitudinal strain (Ell RV and Ell LV ) were derived using the mid‐axial images. Radial (Err LV ) and circumferential strain (Ecc LV ) were derived using the mid‐ventricular short‐axis images. Relationships between strain and volumetric parameters were assessed at rest and during submaximal in‐magnet exercise. Statistical Tests Comparison of rest‐to‐exercise data between PAH and controls was analyzed using two‐way repeated measures analysis of variance. The relationship between volumetric parameters and cMRI‐FT were assessed using Pearson's correlation. Reproducibility was assessed by using Bland–Altman plots. Results PAH had significantly lower Ell RV at rest (−16.6 ± 2.7 vs. −20.1 ± 3.6, P = 0.03) despite normal RVEF. During exercise, RV systolic contractile reserve measured by Ell RV was significantly reduced in PAH ( P Interaction = 0.02). In PAH, indexed RV end‐systolic volume (ESVi) significantly correlated with Ecc LV and Err LV at rest ( r = −0.65 and r = −0.70, P < 0.05) and with Err LV during exercise ( r = −0.43, P < 0.05). High observer agreement was demonstrated. Data Conclusion Despite normal resting RVEF, RV systolic function and contractile reserve as measured by Ell RV was significantly reduced in PAH. The close relation between RVESVi with Ecc LV and Err LV provides evidence of systolic ventriculo–ventricular interaction in PAH. Exercise cMRI‐FT may provide a quantitative metric for detection of subclinical RV dysfunction in PAH. Level of Evidence: 1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1427–1436.