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Effects of Gadodiamide and Gadoteric Acid on Rat Kidneys: A Comparative Study
Author(s) -
Celiker Fatma Beyazal,
Tumkaya Levent,
Mercantepe Tolga,
Beyazal Mehmet,
Turan Arzu,
Beyazal Polat Hatice,
Suzan Zehra Topal,
Inecikli Mehmet Fatih,
Akyildiz Kerimali,
Yilmaz Adnan
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.26266
Subject(s) - gadodiamide , medicine , nephrogenic systemic fibrosis , gadolinium , saline , immunohistochemistry , fibrosis , pathology , kidney , nuclear medicine , magnetic resonance imaging , urology , kidney disease , radiology , chemistry , organic chemistry
Background Gadolinium‐based contrast agents are complex chelates to provide contrast in NRI. However, recent studies have highlighted the deposition of free Gd +3 ion in various tissues. Purpose To evaluate the histopathological and immunohistochemical changes on rat kidney tissue following both macrocyclic (gadoteric acid) and linear (gadodiamide) agents under the hypothesis that gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCA) lead to toxic, free Gd +3 accumulation in tissues. Study Type The local Animal Care Committee approved the prospective animal study. Animal Model Thirty‐two healthy Sprague–Dawley male rats were administered 2 mmol/kg gadodiamide and gadoteric acid for the first 4 days for 5 weeks. Group 1 received no drug (control, n = 8) and Group 2 ( n = 8) was administered 0.1 ml/kg saline. Group 3 was administered 0.1 mmol/kg gadodiamide and Group 4 ( n = 8) was administered 2 mmol/kg gadoteric acid. Assessment Biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical changes in testis kidney tissue were evaluated at the end of 10 weeks. Statistical Tests Differences between groups were analyzed using the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test followed by one‐way analysis of variance and the Tamhane test, also followed by Turkey's HSD test. Results Gadolinium increased serum urea, Ca +2 , and Caspase‐3 positive tubular cell number. Larger Bowman capsules shrank proximal and distal tubules were revealed in the gadodiamide and gadoteric acid groups compared to the control group ( P < 0.05). Histopathologic examination showed significantly more interstitial fibrosis, amyloid deposits, and vasocongestion in the gadodiamide group than the gadoteric acid and control groups, while the gadoteric acid group demonstrated significantly more leukocytic infiltration with atrophied proximal and distal tubules than the gadodiamide and control groups ( P < 0.05). Data Conclusion GBCA administration causes significant histopathologic changes in kidney tissue. This study advocates additional investigation to assess the in vivo safety of GBCAs. Level of Evidence : 1 Technical Efficacy : Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:382–389.