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Spatial distribution of flow and oxygenation in the cerebral venous drainage system
Author(s) -
De Vis Jill B.,
Lu Hanzhang,
Ravi Harshan,
Hendrikse Jeroen,
Liu Peiying
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.25833
Subject(s) - venous blood , sss* , oxygenation , superior sagittal sinus , hyperoxia , medicine , straight sinus , hypercapnia , blood flow , anesthesia , cerebral blood flow , magnetic resonance imaging , cardiology , cerebral veins , lung , radiology , thrombosis , acidosis
Purpose To investigate the venous oxygenation and flow in the brain, and determine how they might change under challenged states. Materials and Methods Eight healthy human subjects (24–37 years) were studied. T 2 ‐relaxation under spin tagging (TRUST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and phase‐contrast MRI were performed to measure venous oxygenation and venous blood flow, respectively, in the superior sagittal sinus (SSS), the straight sinus (SS), and the internal jugular veins (IJVs). Venous oxygenation was assessed at room air (0.03%CO 2 , 21%O 2 ) and under hyperoxia (O%CO 2 , 95%O 2 , and 5%N 2 ) conditions. Venous blood flow was assessed at room air and under hypercapnia (5%CO 2 , 21%O 2 , and 74%N 2 ) conditions. Whole‐brain blood flow was also measured at the four feeding arteries of the brain using phase‐contrast MRI. The changes in venous oxygenation and blood flow from room air to hyperoxia or hypercapnia conditions were tested using paired t ‐tests. Results Venous oxygenation in the SSS, the SS, and the IJVs was 61 ± 4%, 64 ± 4%, and 62 ± 4%, respectively, at room air, and increased to 70 ± 3% ( P < 0.01 compared to room air), 71 ± 5% ( P = 0.59), and 68 ± 5% ( P < 0.05) under hyperoxic condition. The SSS, SS, and IJV drained 46 ± 9%, 16 ± 4%, and 79 ± 1% of whole‐brain blood flow, respectively, and this flow distribution did not change under hypercapnic condition ( P > 0.5). Conclusion The results found in this study provide insight into the venous oxygenation and venous flow distribution and its heterogeneity among different venous structures. Level of Evidence: 1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1091–1098.