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Assessing global and regional iron content in deep gray matter as a function of age using susceptibility mapping
Author(s) -
Liu Manju,
Liu Saifeng,
Ghassaban Kiarash,
Zheng Weili,
Dicicco Dane,
Miao Yanwei,
Habib Charbel,
Jazmati Tarek,
Haacke E. Mark
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.25130
Subject(s) - quantitative susceptibility mapping , globus pallidus , susceptibility weighted imaging , putamen , nuclear magnetic resonance , red nucleus , correlation , magnetic susceptibility , chemistry , magnetic resonance imaging , correlation coefficient , nuclear medicine , physics , nucleus , medicine , crystallography , psychology , basal ganglia , mathematics , neuroscience , statistics , radiology , central nervous system , geometry
Purpose To investigate the correlation of non‐heme iron content in deep gray matter nuclei as a function of age using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) from both whole‐structural and regional perspectives. Materials and Methods We studied a group of 174 normal subjects ranging from 20 to 69 years old and measured the magnetic susceptibility of seven subcortical gray matter nuclei. SWI (susceptibility‐weighted imaging) phase images were used to generate the susceptibility maps, which were acquired on a 1.5T scanner. The 3D whole‐structural measurements were used to determine age‐related thresholds, which were applied to calculate the local iron deposition (RII: portion of the structure that contains iron concentration larger than the structure threshold). Age‐susceptibility correlation was reported for each measured structure for both the whole‐region and two‐region (low iron and high iron content regions) analysis. Results For the local high iron content region, a strong age‐susceptibility correlation was found in the caudate nucleus (CN,R = 0.9), putamen (PUT,R = 0.9), red nucleus (RN,R = 0.8), globus pallidus (GP,R = 0.7), substantia nigra (SN,R = 0.5), and pulvinar thalamus (PT,R = 0.5); for the global iron content, a strong age‐susceptibility correlation was found in CN(R = 0.6), PUT(R = 0.7), and RN(R = 0.6). Overall, for each structure analyzed in this study, regional analysis showed higher correlation coefficient and higher slope comparing to the whole‐region analysis. Further, we found the quantitative conversion factor between magnetic susceptibility and iron concentration to be 1.03 ± 0.03 ppb per μg iron/g wet tissue. Conclusion We conclude that the age‐susceptibility correlation can serve as a quantitative magnetic susceptibility baseline as a function of age for monitoring abnormal global and regional iron deposition. A regional analysis has shown a tighter age related behavior, providing a reliable and sensitive reference for what can be considered normal iron content for studies of neurodegenerative diseases. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:59–71.