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Spatial working memory impairment in primary onset middle‐age type 2 diabetes mellitus: An ethology and BOLD‐fMRI study
Author(s) -
Huang RanRan,
Jia BaoHui,
Xie Lei,
Ma ShuHua,
Yin JingJing,
Sun ZongBo,
Le HongBo,
Xu WenCan,
Huang JinZhuang,
Luo DongXue
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.24967
Subject(s) - working memory , parahippocampal gyrus , psychology , functional magnetic resonance imaging , middle temporal gyrus , supplementary motor area , dorsolateral prefrontal cortex , audiology , neuroscience , blood oxygen level dependent , verbal memory , medicine , cognition , temporal lobe , prefrontal cortex , epilepsy
Purpose To explore mild cognitive dysfunction and/or spatial working memory impairment in patients with primary onset middle‐age type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM] using ethology (behavior tests) and blood oxygen level‐dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD‐fMRI). Materials and Methods Eighteen primary onset T2DM patients and 18 matched subjects with normal blood glucose levels were all tested using the Montreal cognitive assessment scale test, the Wechsler Memory Scale Chinese‐revised test, and scanned using BOLD‐fMRI (1.5T, EPI sequence) while performing the n‐back task to find the activation intensity of some cognition‐related areas. Results The ethology results showed that T2DM patients had a mild cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction ( P < 0.05). The fMRI scan identified a neural network consisting of bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), bilateral premotor area (PreMA), bilateral parietal lobe (PA), and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) / supplementary motor area (SMA) that was activated during the n‐back task, with right hemisphere dominance. However, only the right PA and ACC/SMA showed a load effect via quantitative analysis in the T2DM group; the activation intensity of most working memory‐related brain areas for the T2DM group were lower than for the control group under three memory loads. Furthermore, we found that the activation intensity of some cognition‐related areas, including the right insular lobe, left caudate nucleus, and bilateral hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus were lower than the control group under the memory loads. Conclusion Diabetes‐related brain damage of primary onset middle‐age T2DM patients with right DLPFC‐posterior parietal lobe and parahippocampal gyrus default network causes impairment of spatial working memory and mild cognitive dysfunction. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2016;43:75–87.