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Impact of repetitive exposure to strong static magnetic fields on pregnancy and embryonic development of mice
Author(s) -
Zahedi Yasmin,
Zaun Gregor,
Maderwald Stefan,
Orzada Stephan,
Pütter Carolin,
Scherag André,
Winterhager Elke,
Ladd Mark E.,
Grümmer Ruth
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.24209
Subject(s) - offspring , pregnancy , in utero , litter , gestation , weight gain , isocenter , embryo , medicine , fetus , low birth weight , birth weight , teratology , obstetrics , physiology , endocrinology , biology , body weight , genetics , microbiology and biotechnology , agronomy , radiation therapy
Purpose To evaluate possible risks of strong static magnetic fields for embryo implantation, gestation, organogenesis, and embryonic development. Materials and Methods Pregnant mice were exposed for 75 minutes daily during the entire course of pregnancy at the bore entrance, representing the position of medical staff, and at the isocenter, representing the position of patients, of a 1.5 T and a 7 T human MRI scanner. Results No effect of static magnetic field strength was observed with regard to pregnancy rate, duration of pregnancy, litter size, still births, malformations, sex distribution, or postpartum death of offspring. During the first 8 weeks postnatal, mice exposed in utero to a magnetic field strength of 1.5 T or stronger showed a slight delay in weight gain and in time to eye opening compared to controls. Conclusion Daily exposure to strong magnetic fields during pregnancy had no deleterious effect on offspring; however, a developmental retardation could be observed postnatally with regard to weight gain and eye opening. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;39:691–699 . © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.