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Simultaneous measurement of tissue oxygen level‐dependent (TOLD) and blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) effects in abdominal tissue oxygenation level studies
Author(s) -
Ding Yao,
Mason Ralph P.,
McColl Roderick W.,
Yuan Qing,
Hallac Rami R.,
Sims Robert D.,
Weatherall Paul T.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.24006
Subject(s) - oxygenation , breathing , blood oxygenation , magnetic resonance imaging , biomedical engineering , blood flow , nuclear medicine , oxygen tension , oxygen , medicine , materials science , functional magnetic resonance imaging , radiology , chemistry , anatomy , anesthesia , organic chemistry
Purpose To assess oxygenation in abdominal organs with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a novel approach is presented to simultaneously measure both T 1 ‐ and T 2 * ‐maps serially during a single dynamic MRI scan in response to an oxygen challenge. Materials and Methods The proposed acquisition scheme consists of a multishot multiecho gradient echo planar imaging sequence (ms‐GEPI) interleaved with a multishot inversion recovery echo planar imaging (ms‐IR‐EPI) sequence. Respiratory motion compensation was accomplished with standard belt triggering and by acquiring all image data at the same phase of expiration. This respiratory‐triggered, free‐breathing, interleaved tissue oxygenation level‐dependent (TOLD) and blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) acquisition technique was validated on phantoms and seven healthy volunteers in response to an oxygen challenge. Results Measurements of relaxation times both in vitro and in vivo were in good agreement with those obtained using conventional pulse sequences and reported in the literature. The interleaved sequence was able to measure oxygen‐induced relaxation time changes in human abdominal organs. Conclusion The free‐breathing respiratory‐triggered interleaved T 1 and T 2 * sequence successfully provided relaxation time maps of abdominal organs in a dynamic scan without the need for image registration. The simultaneous monitoring of tissue and blood oxygenation improves time efficiency and should enhance studies comparing dynamic T 1 and T 2 * data within the abdomen. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:1230–1236. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.