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Gadolinium‐based contrast agents and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: Why did it happen and what have we learned?
Author(s) -
Weinreb Jeffrey C.,
AbuAlfa Ali K.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.21979
Subject(s) - nephrogenic systemic fibrosis , medicine , gadolinium , magnetic resonance imaging , fibrosis , radiology , magnetic resonance angiography , intensive care medicine , materials science , metallurgy
This article addresses two questions about gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCAs) and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF): “Why did it happen” and “What have we learned”? It reviews the events leading to the discovery of an association between NSF and GBCAs. Various factors are elucidated that contributed to the delay between the time when GBCA came into widespread clinical use and a link was made with NSF, including use in renal‐compromised patients, high‐dose magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), lack of documentation and adequate databases, policy and regulatory changes, and an absence of scientific evidence. The authors conclude that the overriding cause was lack of awareness. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:1236–1239. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.