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T 1 independent, T 2 * corrected MRI with accurate spectral modeling for quantification of fat: Validation in a fat‐water‐SPIO phantom
Author(s) -
Hines Catherine D.G.,
Yu Huanzhou,
Shimakawa Ann,
McKenzie Charles A.,
Brittain Jean H.,
Reeder Scott B.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.21957
Subject(s) - imaging phantom , homogeneous , magnetic resonance imaging , fraction (chemistry) , nuclear medicine , nuclear magnetic resonance , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , materials science , mathematics , physics , chromatography , medicine , radiology , combinatorics
Purpose: To validate a T 1 ‐independent, T 2 *‐corrected fat quantification technique that uses accurate spectral modeling of fat using a homogeneous fat‐water‐SPIO phantom over physiologically expected ranges of fat percentage and T 2 * decay in the presence of iron overload. Materials and Methods: A homogeneous gel phantom consisting of vials with known fat‐fractions and iron concentrations is described. Fat‐fraction imaging was performed using a multiecho chemical shift‐based fat‐water separation method (IDEAL), and various reconstructions were performed to determine the impact of T 2 * correction and accurate spectral modeling. Conventional two‐point Dixon (in‐phase/out‐of‐phase) imaging and MR spectroscopy were performed for comparison with known fat‐fractions. Results: The best agreement with known fat‐fractions over the full range of iron concentrations was found when T 2 * correction and accurate spectral modeling were used. Conventional two‐point Dixon imaging grossly underestimated fat‐fraction for all T 2 * values, but particularly at higher iron concentrations. Conclusion: This work demonstrates the necessity of T 2 * correction and accurate spectral modeling of fat to accurately quantify fat using MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:1215–1222. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.