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Assessment of fluctuating velocities in disturbed cardiovascular blood flow: In vivo feasibility of generalized phase‐contrast MRI
Author(s) -
Dyverfeldt Petter,
Kvitting JohnPeder Escobar,
Sigfridsson Andreas,
Engvall Jan,
Bolger Ann F.,
Ebbers Tino
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.21475
Subject(s) - phase contrast microscopy , blood flow , in vivo , contrast (vision) , medicine , phase (matter) , flow (mathematics) , magnetic resonance imaging , biomedical engineering , radiology , mechanics , physics , biology , optics , microbiology and biotechnology , quantum mechanics
Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of generalized phase‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC‐MRI) for the noninvasive assessment of fluctuating velocities in cardiovascular blood flow. Materials and Methods Multidimensional PC‐MRI was used in a generalized manner to map mean flow velocities and intravoxel velocity standard deviation (IVSD) values in one healthy aorta and in three patients with different cardiovascular diseases. The acquired data were used to assess the kinetic energy of both the mean (MKE) and the fluctuating (TKE) velocity field. Results In all of the subjects, both mean and fluctuating flow data were successfully acquired. The highest TKE values in the patients were found at sites characterized by abnormal flow conditions. No regional increase in TKE was found in the normal aorta. Conclusion PC‐MRI IVSD mapping is able to detect flow abnormalities in a variety of human cardiovascular conditions and shows promise for the quantitative assessment of turbulence. This approach may assist in clarifying the role of disturbed hemodynamics in cardiovascular diseases. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;28:655–663. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.