Multiecho reconstruction for simultaneous water‐fat decomposition and T2* estimation

Purpose To describe and demonstrate the feasibility of a novel multiecho reconstruction technique that achieves simultaneous water‐fat decomposition and T2* estimation. The method removes interference of water‐fat separation with iron‐induced T2* effects and therefore has potential for the simultaneous characterization of hepatic steatosis (fatty infiltration) and iron overload. Materials and Methods The algorithm called “T2*‐IDEAL” is based on the IDEAL water‐fat decomposition method. A novel “complex field map” construct is used to estimate both R2* (1/T2*) and local B 0 field inhomogeneities using an iterative least‐squares estimation method. Water and fat are then decomposed from source images that are corrected for both T2* and B 0 field inhomogeneity. Results It was found that a six‐echo multiecho acquisition using the shortest possible echo times achieves an excellent balance of short scan and reliable R2* measurement. Phantom experiments demonstrate the feasibility with high accuracy in R2* measurement. Promising preliminary in vivo results are also shown. Conclusion The T2*‐IDEAL technique has potential applications in imaging of diffuse liver disease for evaluation of both hepatic steatosis and iron overload in a single breath‐hold. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007;26:1153–1161. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.