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Segmentation analysis in functional MRI: Activation sensitivity and gray‐matter specificity of RARE and FLASH
Author(s) -
Hutchinson M.,
Rusinek H.,
Nenov V. I.,
Feinberg D. A.,
Johnson G.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.1880070217
Subject(s) - nuclear magnetic resonance , spin echo , gradient echo , magnetic resonance imaging , context (archaeology) , sensitivity (control systems) , segmentation , nuclear medicine , medicine , chemistry , physics , artificial intelligence , radiology , computer science , biology , paleontology , electronic engineering , engineering
Brain activation is accompanied by local decreases in vascular deoxyhemoglobin. Theoretically, gradient‐echo and spin‐echo sequences show similar sensitivity to capillary deoxyhemoglobin, but spin‐echo sequences should be less sensitive to venous deoxyhemoglobin. This is an important distinction in the context of cortical localization. We report herein a direct experimental comparison of a gradient‐echo sequence (fast low‐angle shot [FLASH]) with a spin‐echo sequence (rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement [RARE]) for functional MRI (fMRI) in seven subjects undergoing visual stimulation. A Student t test analysis was used to locate areas of significant activation, and then computerized image segmentation was performed to determine the type of activated tissue. Contrary to previous reports, both sequences proved equally sensitive to overall activation. RARE activation, however, was more specific for gray matter, as suggested by prior theoretical models.