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On the stationary states in gradient echo imaging
Author(s) -
Sobol Wlad T.,
Gauntt David M.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.1880060220
Subject(s) - formalism (music) , image contrast , magnetization , contrast (vision) , nuclear magnetic resonance , physics , gradient echo , high contrast , optics , computational physics , materials science , magnetic resonance imaging , magnetic field , quantum mechanics , radiology , medicine , art , musical , visual arts
A formalism is presented that concisely describes the magnetization of a sample subjected to a periodic series of RF pulses. In this formalism, the steady state of the magnetization is shown to be a sum of magnetic substates, each with unique contrast characteristics. When more than one substate contributes to a given image, the substates interfere with each other, producing ghosts and other artifacts. Properly designed gradient protocols can image single substates, producing ghost‐free images. The contrast of the image depends largely on the choice of the imaged substate. Analytic solutions for unspoiled, RF spoiled, and gradient spoiled magnetizations are presented.