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Minimizing TE in moment‐nulled or flow‐encoded two‐and three‐dimensional gradient‐echo imaging
Author(s) -
Bernstein Matt A.,
Shimakawa Ann,
Pelc Norbert J.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
journal of magnetic resonance imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.563
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1522-2586
pISSN - 1053-1807
DOI - 10.1002/jmri.1880020517
Subject(s) - echo (communications protocol) , moment (physics) , waveform , contrast (vision) , physics , computer science , nuclear magnetic resonance , optics , telecommunications , radar , computer network , classical mechanics
A method for minimizing field‐echo delay in moment‐nulled gradient‐echo imaging is presented. Even though ramps are accounted for, the analysis yields simple closed‐form solutions. The method is then generalized to the section‐select waveform for three‐dimensional volume imaging and to flow encoding for phase‐contrast imaging. Three strategies for first‐moment selection in phase‐contrast imaging are discussed, including a new strategy that always yields the minimum echo delay. Trapezoidal and triangular gradient lobe shapes are analyzed.