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Establishment of the site of involution at novel locations on the amphibian embryo
Author(s) -
Malacinski George M.,
Chung Hae Moon
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
journal of morphology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.652
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1097-4687
pISSN - 0362-2525
DOI - 10.1002/jmor.1051690203
Subject(s) - biology , amphibian , involution (esoterism) , cytoplasm , morphogenesis , anatomy , embryo , cleavage (geology) , microbiology and biotechnology , ecology , paleontology , genetics , neuroscience , consciousness , fracture (geology) , gene
Anuran ( Rana ) and urodele ( Ambystoma ) amphibian eggs were subjected to prolonged unnatural orientations in relation to gravity. In some cases eggs were rotated 90°, while in other instances eggs were rotated 180° (complete inversion). Alterations in the pigmentation pattern, cleavage pattern, and site of involution were observed. Despite these unnatural orientations to gravity, the morphogenesis of axial structures was frequently normal. Reorganization of the egg cytoplasm apparently takes place after the unnatural orientation. Rather than being localized in a fixed position in the egg (e.g., the egg cortex), the determinants for the pattern of early embryogenesis are probably located in that portion of the cytoplasm (e.g., “internal” cytoplasm) that orients to gravity.