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Advancing the Transformational–Transactional Model of Effective Leadership: Integrating two Classic Leadership Models with a Video‐Based Method
Author(s) -
Hoogeboom Marcella A.M.G.,
Wilderom Celeste P.M.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of leadership studies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.219
H-Index - 14
eISSN - 1935-262X
pISSN - 1935-2611
DOI - 10.1002/jls.21655
Subject(s) - transformational leadership , transactional leadership , moderation , psychology , variance (accounting) , leadership style , bass (fish) , shared leadership , social psychology , transactional analysis , business , ecology , accounting , biology
The presented empirical study demonstrates that the predictive validity of Bass' “transformational‐transactional” model of leadership can be enhanced by incorporating certain aspects of the older Ohio State “initiating structure‐consideration” model of leadership. A precise, fine‐grained video‐based method shows that “initiating structure” behaviors (e.g., directing, informing, structuring) explained the variance in leader and team effectiveness better than “transactional behavior.” Thus, a refined version of Bass' augmentation thesis is supported: initiating structure behaviors (and not transactional behaviors, as originally posed) plus transformational leader behaviors are associated with high leader effectiveness. Another moderation effect of transformational leadership is established: between management‐by‐exception active and team effectiveness. The resulting expanded version of the transformational–transactional model calls for further video‐based research of effective (team) leadership behaviors.