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Generation of CD28 − cells from long‐term‐stimulated CD8 + CD28 + T cells: a possible mechanism accounting for the increased number of CD8 + CD28 − T cells in HIV‐1‐infected patients
Author(s) -
Fiorentini Simona,
Malacarne Fabio,
Ricotta Doris,
Licenziati Stefano,
Solis Adakatia Armenta,
Ausenda Sabrina,
De Francesco Maria,
Garrafa Emirena,
Simonini Andrea,
Imberti Luisa,
Balsari Andrea,
Turano Adolfo,
Caruso Arnaldo
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1002/jlb.65.5.641
Subject(s) - cd28 , biology , cytokine , cd8 , cytotoxic t cell , interleukin 21 , t cell , il 2 receptor , t lymphocyte , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , in vitro , immune system , biochemistry
According to CD28 molecule expression, CD8 + T cells can be classed as CD28 bright , CD28 dim , and CD28 − . The CD28 dim T cells were found to derive from mitogenic stimulated CD28 − T cells but also from CD28 bright T cells through a mechanism of CD28 down‐modulation. Moreover, after prolonged in vitro interleukin‐2 stimulation, clonal CD28 bright cells showed a CD28 dim expression before further evolution to a stable CD28 − phenotype. This loss was concomitant with the disappearance of CD28 mRNA. A study of the cytokine production pattern revealed that CD28 dim and CD28 −T cell clones produced similar levels of type 1 and type 2 cytokines, which differed from those produced by the CD28bnght T cell clones. A high percentage of CD28 dim and CD28 − cells, with similarities in their cytokine production pattern, were found in the blood samples of HIV‐infected patients, as compared to healthy donors. The CD28 down‐modulation may account for the increased number of CD8 + CD28 − T cells in HIV‐infected patients. J. Leukoc. Biol. 65: 641–648; 1999.