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Priming of human neutrophils by peroxynitrite: potential role in enhancement of the local inflammatory response
Author(s) -
Rohn Troy T.,
Nelson Laura K.,
Sipes Karen M.,
Swain Steve D.,
Jutila Kathryn L.,
Quinn Mark T.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1002/jlb.65.1.59
Subject(s) - peroxynitrite , inflammatory response , biology , priming (agriculture) , inflammation , immunology , microbiology and biotechnology , neuroscience , biochemistry , enzyme , superoxide , botany , germination
Peroxynitrite is a potent oxidant generated from the reaction of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O 2 − ), both of which can be produced in inflammatory tissues. In these studies, we analyzed what direct effect peroxynitrite had on neutrophil (PMN) function. We found that peroxynitrite was an effective priming agent for PMNs, as demonstrated by enhanced O 2 − production on subsequent activation with low doses of PMA or N ‐formyl‐methionine‐leucine‐phenylalanine (fMLF), changes in the expression of PMN surface markers (L‐selectin, Mac‐1, flavocytochrome b , and fMLF receptor), and increased intracellular calcium levels. Analysis of the mechanism of PMN priming by peroxynitrite demonstrated that peroxynitrite resulted in minimal oxidation of protein sulfhydryl groups and subsequent protein cross‐linking. In contrast, treatment of PMNs with peroxynitrite resulted in significant nitration of tyrosine residues on neutrophil proteins. In addition, inhibition of tyrosine nitration with a pyrrolopyrimidine antioxidant blocked the majority of peroxynitrite‐induced priming effects, further suggesting that PMN priming was mediated primarily by nitration of tyrosine residues on PMN proteins. The ability of peroxynitrite to serve as an effective priming agent for PMNs at sites of inflammation may play a key role in modulating the host‐defense process. J. Leukoc. Biol. 65: 59–70; 1999.