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Nitric oxide synthase inhibition reduces muscle inflammation and necrosis in modified muscle use
Author(s) -
Pizza Francis X.,
Hernandez Israel J.,
Tidball James G.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1002/jlb.64.4.427
Subject(s) - biology , nitric oxide synthase , inflammation , nitric oxide , necrosis , tumor necrosis factor alpha , atp synthase , biochemistry , pharmacology , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , endocrinology , enzyme , genetics
Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the role of nitric oxide in muscle inflammation, fiber necrosis, and apoptosis of inflammatory cells in vivo. The effects of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition on the concentrations of neutrophils, ED1 + and ED2 + macrophages, apoptotic inflammatory cells, and necrotic muscle fibers in rats subjected to 10 days of hindlimb unloading and 2 days of reloading were determined. Administration of NOS inhibitor N ω ‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME) significantly reduced the concentrations of neutrophils, ED1 + and ED2 + macrophages, and necrotic fibers in soleus muscle relative to water‐treated controls. The concentration of apoptotic inflammatory cells was also significantly lower for l‐NAME‐treated animals compared with water‐treated controls. However, the proportion of the inflammatory cell population that was apoptotic did not differ between l‐NAME‐treated and control animals, suggesting that l‐NAME treatment did not decrease inflammatory cell populations by increasing the frequency of apoptosis. Thus, nitric oxide or one of its intermediates promotes muscle inflammation and fiber necrosis during modified muscle use and plays no more than a minor role in the resolution of muscle inflammation by inducing apoptosis of inflammatory cells. J. Leukoc. Biol . 64: 427–433; 1998.