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Expression of macrophage‐derived chemokine (MDC) mRNA in macrophages is enhanced by interleukin‐1 β, tumor necrosis factor α, and lipopolysaccharide
Author(s) -
Rodenburg R. J. T.,
Brinkhuis R. F. B.,
Peek R.,
Westphal J. R.,
Den Hoogen F. H. J.,
Venrooij W. J.,
Putte L. B. A.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1002/jlb.63.5.606
Subject(s) - biology , tumor necrosis factor alpha , lipopolysaccharide , chemokine , macrophage , immunology , tumor necrosis factor α , interleukin , cytokine , microbiology and biotechnology , inflammation , in vitro , genetics
A cDNA encoding the CC chemokine MDC was isolated from a human macrophage cDNA library by differential hybridization using monocyte‐ and macrophage‐specific cDNA probes. During monocyte to macrophage differentiation in vitro, MDC expression is first detected after 1 day of culturing and reaches maximum levels after 6 days when macrophages have fully matured, as judged from the expression of known macrophage marker genes. Exposure of macrophages to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) results in a dose‐dependent increase in MDC mRNA levels, with maximum induction occurring after 6–8 h, whereas expression levels of macrophage inflammatory protein‐1α (MIP‐1α), MIP‐2, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α) respond much faster to LPS. Furthermore, MDC expression in macrophages is enhanced by the inflammatory mediators TNF‐α and IL‐1β. Similar to other TNF‐α/IL‐1β‐inducible genes, costimulation of macrophages with both cytokines leads to higher MDC expression levels than stimulation with a single cytokine. By contrast, both resting and activated monocytes do not express MDC mRNA. J. Leukoc. Biol . 63: 606–611; 1998.