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Mig and IP‐10: CXC chemokines that target lymphocytes
Author(s) -
Farber Joshua M.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1002/jlb.61.3.246
Subject(s) - biology , cxcr3 , cxc chemokine receptors , chemokine , in vivo , in vitro , cxcl14 , microbiology and biotechnology , haematopoiesis , immunology , chemokine receptor , cancer research , stem cell , immune system , biochemistry
Mig and IP‐10 are related members of the CXC subfamily of the chemokine family of cytokines. The murine Mig (MuMig), human IP‐10, and the mouse homologue of IP‐10, Crg‐2, were all identified due to the dramatic inductions of their genes in monocytic cells treated with interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ). Studies using recombinant (r) human proteins show that, unlike most other CXC chemokines, rHuMig and rIP‐10 have no activity on neutrophils but appear to target lymphocytes specifically. rHuMig and rIP‐10 are active as chemotactic factors for stimulated, but not for resting, T cells. Studies done in vitro and in vivo have shown that rHuMig and rIP‐10 share additional activities, including inhibition of neovascularization, inhibition of hematopoietic progenitor cells, and anti‐tumor effects. rHuMig and rIP‐10 show reciprocal desensitization on activated T cells and have been demonstrated to share a receptor, CXCR3. The genes for both MuMig and Crg‐2 are highly expressed in multiple tissues during experimental viral and protozoan infections in mice, but their patterns of expression differ. This suggests that the Migs and IP‐10/Crg‐2 may play roles in host defense and that, despite their similar activities assayed in vitro, Mig and IP‐10/Crg‐2 may serve non‐redundant functions in vivo. J. Leukoc. Biol . 61:246–257; 1997.