Premium
Activation of arachidonic acid metabolism in mouse macrophages by bacterial amphiphiles
Author(s) -
Card George L.,
Jasuja Rahul R.,
Gustafson Gary L.
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1002/jlb.56.6.723
Subject(s) - lipoteichoic acid , eicosanoid , lipopolysaccharide , arachidonic acid , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , streptococcus pyogenes , leukotriene b4 , leukotriene c4 , biochemistry , eicosanoid metabolism , bacteria , peptidoglycan , teichoic acid , staphylococcus aureus , leukotriene , inflammation , cell wall , immunology , enzyme , asthma , genetics
The relative activities of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) from four Gram‐positive bacteria were compared to different lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparations for activation of arachidonic acid metabolism in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Total eicosanoid was determined in cultures labeled with [ 3 H]‐arachidonic acid. Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) and leukotriene C 4 (LTC 4 ) were determined by EIA analysis. The relative potencies of the different preparations were: smooth LPS from Salmonella abortus ≥ Re‐LPS from Salmonella minnesota (R‐595) ≥ LTA from Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococcus faecalis Staphylococcus aureus ≥ monophosphoryl lipid A derived from the Re‐LPS > > LTA from Bacillus subtilis. Activation of eicosanoid release was inhibited by staurosporin for all of the amphiphiles tested. Treatment of the macrophage cultures with LTA from S. pyogenes, S. faecalis , and S. aureus , either in the presence or absence of indomethacin, desensitized the cells to eicosanoid release on subsequent challenge with LPS. The desensitized cells remained responsive to the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate. LPS from Gram‐negative bacteria has immunostimulatory and endotoxic activities which result, in part, from the release of eicosanoids and other mediators from activated macrophages. The similarities in the patterns of cell activation by LPS and LTA suggest that lipoteichoic acids might contribute to the pathogenicities of Gram‐positive bacteria. J. Leukoc. Biol . 56: 723–728; 1994.