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Intracerebral infusion of TNF‐α and IL‐6 failed to activate latent SIV infection in the brains of macaques inoculated with macrophage‐tropic neuroadapted SIV mac
Author(s) -
Joag Sanjay V.,
Adams Robert J.,
Pinson David M.,
Adany Istvan,
Narayan O.
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1002/jlb.56.3.353
Subject(s) - biology , virus , simian immunodeficiency virus , immunosuppression , virology , tumor necrosis factor alpha , immunology , macaque , macrophage , encephalitis , viral replication , neurotropic virus , paleontology , biochemistry , in vitro
Lymphocyte‐tropic (L‐tropic) SIV mac predictably causes immunosuppression and AIDS in rhesus macaques. SIV encephalitis, on the other hand, is caused mainly by macrophage‐tropic (M‐tropic) SIV mac . We have previously described the derivation of M‐tropic, neuroadapted SIV mac from molecularly cloned, L‐tropic SIV mac 239. In this report we show that inoculation of four macaques with neuroadapted virus resulted in L‐tropic SIV mac –related diseases in all four but neurological disease in only two of the four animals. Because cocultivation of infected macrophages with CD4 + lymphocytes results in production of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin‐6, we asked whether infiltration of supernatant fluids containing these cytokines into the brains of macaques infected with neuroadapted virus would enhance the development of neurological disease. These procedures failed to promote productive virus replication in the brain. Thus, although different degrees of immunosuppression and AIDS could be induced predictably with L‐tropic virus, induction of neurological disease was not predictable even when animals were inoculated with neuroadapted M‐tropic virus and inflammatory cytokines were infiltrated into the brains of these animals. J. Leukoc. Biol. 56: 353–357; 1994.