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Sensing of invading pathogens by GBPs: At the crossroads between cell‐autonomous and innate immunity
Author(s) -
Santos José Carlos,
Broz Petr
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1002/jlb.4mr0118-038r
Subject(s) - biology , innate immune system , effector , microbiology and biotechnology , pathogen , immunity , intracellular parasite , gtpase , intracellular , mechanism (biology) , antimicrobial peptides , immune system , immunology , antimicrobial , philosophy , epistemology
Guanylate‐binding proteins (GBPs) are conserved family of IFN‐inducible GTPases that play an important role in the host immunity against bacterial, viral, and protozoan pathogens. GBPs protect the host by associating with intracellular microbes, their vacuolar niche or, in the case of viruses, with their replication complex. This association results in a restriction of the respective pathogen, yet the exact molecular mechanisms of the antimicrobial functions of GBPs are still unclear. Recent work has linked the GBPs with the activation of inflammasomes, multi‐protein complexes that assemble upon recognition of pathogen‐ or host‐derived signals and that drive the release of cytokines and host cell death. Here, we will focus on the most recent findings that have started to unravel the manifold restriction mechanism controlled by GBPs in mouse and human cells, and that shed light on the molecular cues that control GBP recruitment to bacterial membranes.