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Severe COVID‐19 is marked by dysregulated serum levels of carboxypeptidase A3 and serotonin
Author(s) -
SoriaCastro Rodolfo,
MenesesPreza Yatsiri G.,
RodríguezLópez Gloria M.,
RomeroRamírez Sandra,
SosaHernández Víctor A.,
CervantesDíaz Rodrigo,
PérezFragoso Alfredo,
TorresRuíz José J.,
GómezMartín Diana,
CampilloNavarro Marcia,
ÁlvarezJiménez Violeta D.,
PérezTapia Sonia M.,
ChávezBlanco Alma D.,
EstradaParra Sergio,
MaravillasMontero José L.,
ChacónSalinas Rommel
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1002/jlb.4hi0221-087r
Subject(s) - immunology , immune system , ards , biology , inflammation , biomarker , innate immune system , mast cell , respiratory tract , respiratory system , lung , medicine , anatomy , biochemistry
The immune response plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection ranging from protection to tissue damage and all occur in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS patients display elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and innate immune cells, and T and B cell lymphocytes have been implicated in this dysregulated immune response. Mast cells are abundant resident cells of the respiratory tract and are able to release different inflammatory mediators rapidly following stimulation. Recently, mast cells have been associated with tissue damage during viral infections, but their role in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection remains unclear. In this study, we examined the profile of mast cell activation markers in the serum of COVID‐19 patients. We noticed that SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected patients showed increased carboxypeptidase A3 (CPA3) and decreased serotonin levels in their serum when compared with symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2‐negative patients. CPA3 levels correlated with C‐reactive protein, the number of circulating neutrophils, and quick SOFA. CPA3 in serum was a good biomarker for identifying severe COVID‐19 patients, whereas serotonin was a good predictor of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. In summary, our results show that serum CPA3 and serotonin levels are relevant biomarkers during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. This suggests that mast cells and basophils are relevant players in the inflammatory response in COVID‐19 and may represent targets for therapeutic intervention.