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Molecular interactions and functions of IL‐32
Author(s) -
Aass Kristin Roseth,
Kastnes Martin H.,
Standal Therese
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1002/jlb.3mr0620-550r
Subject(s) - intracellular , biology , intracellular parasite , microbiology and biotechnology , cytokine , regulator , inflammation , immunology , biochemistry , gene
IL‐32 is a multifaceted cytokine associated with several diseases and inflammatory conditions. Its expression is induced in response to cellular stress such as hypoxia, infections, and pro‐inflammatory cytokines. IL‐32 can be secreted from cells and can induce the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines from several cell types but are also described to have anti‐inflammatory functions. The intracellular form of IL‐32 is shown to play an important role in various cellular processes, including the defense against intracellular bacteria and viruses and in modulation of cell metabolism. In this review, we discuss current literature on molecular interactions of IL‐32 with other proteins. We also review data on the role of intracellular IL‐32 as a metabolic regulator and its role in antimicrobial host defense.