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MicroRNA miR‐223 as regulator of innate immunity
Author(s) -
Yuan Xiaoyi,
Berg Nathaniel,
Lee Jae Woong,
Le ThanhThuy,
Neudecker Viola,
Jing Na,
Eltzschig Holger
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1002/jlb.3mr0218-079r
Subject(s) - innate immune system , myeloid , biology , immunology , inflammation , immune system , macrophage , haematopoiesis , innate lymphoid cell , microbiology and biotechnology , stem cell , biochemistry , in vitro
MicroRNAs were discovered more than 2 decades ago and have profound impact on diverse biological processes. Specific microRNAs have important roles in modulating the innate immune response and their dysregulation has been demonstrated to contribute to inflammatory diseases. MiR‐223 in particular, is very highly expressed and tightly regulated in hematopoietic cells. It functions as key modulator for the differentiation and activation of myeloid cells. The central role of miR‐223 in myeloid cells, especially neutrophil and macrophage differentiation and activation has been studied extensively. MiR‐223 contributes to myeloid differentiation by enhancing granulopoiesis while inhibiting macrophage differentiation. Uncontrolled myeloid activation has detrimental consequences in inflammatory disease. MiR‐223 serves as a negative feedback mechanism controlling excessive innate immune responses in the maintenance of myeloid cell homeostasis. This review summarizes several topics covering the function of miR‐223 in myeloid differentiation, neutrophil and macrophage functions, as well as in inflammatory diseases including acute respiratory distress syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. In addition, nonmyeloid functions of miR‐223 are also discussed in this review. Therapeutic enhancement of miR‐223 to dampen inflammatory targets is also highlighted as potential treatment to control excessive innate immune responses during mucosal inflammation.