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Chemokine‐triggered microtubule polymerization promotes neutrophil chemotaxis and invasion but not transendothelial migration
Author(s) -
Yadav Sandeep Kumar,
Stojkov Darko,
Feigelson Sara W.,
Roncato Francesco,
Simon HansUwe,
Yousefi Shida,
Alon Ronen
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1002/jlb.3a1118-437rr
Subject(s) - chemotaxis , cxcl1 , neutrophil elastase , microbiology and biotechnology , motility , cxc chemokine receptors , biology , chemokine , microtubule , microtubule polymerization , elastase , granulocyte , tubulin , immunology , biochemistry , chemokine receptor , receptor , inflammation , enzyme
Microtubules (MTs) are critically involved in the transport of material within cells, but their roles in chemotactic leukocyte motility and effector functions are still obscure. Resting neutrophils contain few MTs assembled in an MT organizing center (MTOC) behind their multilobular nuclei. Using a probe of real‐time tubulin polymerization, SiR‐tubulin, we found that neutrophils elongated their MTs within minutes in response to signals from the two prototypic chemotactic peptides, CXCL1 and fMLP. Taxol, a beta‐tubulin binding and MT stabilizing drug, was found to abolish this CXCL1‐ and fMLP‐stimulated MT polymerization. Nevertheless, taxol treatment as well as disruption of existing and de novo generated MTs did not impair neutrophil protrusion and squeezing through IL‐1β‐stimulated endothelial monolayers mediated by endothelial deposited CXCL1 and neutrophil CXCR2. Notably, CXCL1‐dependent neutrophil TEM was not associated with neutrophil MT polymerization. Chemokinetic neutrophil motility on immobilized CXCL1 was also not associated with MT polymerization, and taxol treatment did not interfere with this motility. Nevertheless, and consistent with its ability to suppress MT polymerization induced by soluble CXCL1 and fMLP, taxol treatment inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis toward both chemotactic peptides. Taxol treatment also suppressed CXCL1‐ and fMLP‐triggered elastase‐dependent neutrophil invasion through collagen I barriers. Collectively, our results highlight de novo chemoattractant‐triggered MT polymerization as key for neutrophil chemotaxis and elastase‐dependent invasion but not for chemotactic neutrophil crossing of inflamed endothelial barriers.