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Biscalix[4]arene Ligands for Dinuclear Lanthanide Ion Complexation
Author(s) -
Wolbers Ma P.,
van Veggel Frank C. J. M.,
Heeringa Remco H. M.,
Hofstraat Johannes W.,
Geurts A. J.,
van Hummel Gerrit J.,
Harkema Sybolt,
Reinhoudt David N.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
liebigs annalen
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.825
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1099-0690
pISSN - 0947-3440
DOI - 10.1002/jlac.199719971226
Subject(s) - lanthanide , chemistry , luminescence , amide , ion , energy transfer , solvent , photochemistry , inorganic chemistry , crystallography , organic chemistry , materials science , optoelectronics , molecular physics
Three types of lower‐lower rim linked biscalix[4]arenes that contain carboxylic ester ( 1 ) and/or amide functions ( 2 and 3 ) at their remaining phenolic oxygen atoms were synthesized. The homo‐ and heterodinuclear lanthanide ion complexes based on these ligands were used to study the energy transfer between different lanthanide ions. Photophysical studies comparing the luminescence properties of the homodinuclear Eu 3+ complex and the heterodinuclear Eu 3+ ‐Nd 3+ complex of 2 indicated that energy transfer is likely to occur from Eu 3+ to Nd 3+ with an efficiency of > 50%. The luminescence properties turned out to be strongly solvent dependent, which is attributed to structural changes leading to different positions of the lanthanide ions in the cavities provided by the biscalix[4]arene.