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Special Calixarenes by Directed Syntheses
Author(s) -
Böhmer Volker
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
liebigs annalen
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.825
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1099-0690
pISSN - 0947-3440
DOI - 10.1002/jlac.199719971004
Subject(s) - calixarene , chemistry , molecule , methylene , cyclophane , chirality (physics) , stereochemistry , organic chemistry , chiral symmetry breaking , physics , quantum mechanics , nambu–jona lasinio model , quark
The synthesis of special calixarenes and calixarene‐like macrocyclic compounds via stepwise procedures and fragment condensation is reviewed. Among the compounds available are exo‐ and endo‐calixarenes consisting of different phenolic units, having bridges other than methylene or showing inherent chirality ( C n ‐symmetry). Macrobi‐ and ‐tricyclic molecules such as bridged calixarenes, double calixarenes, bicyclocalixarenes and annelated calixarenes are also described. Single crystal X‐ray structures are reported for several compounds. Some properties like conformational barriers, p K a values or the ability to complex metal ions are discussed, showing the potential of these compounds which may (only) be produced by directed synthesis.